Monday: Preparing for the Gift

Daily Lesson for Monday 18th of August 2025

Read Exodus 19:9-25. How did God prepare Israel to receive the Ten Commandments?

God gave specific instructions for what the Israelites were to do in preparation for the giving of the law at Sinai. Their external purity was to reflect their total dedication to God.

Rules to Govern a New Society

They needed to be ready for the splendid manifestation of the Lord’s glory that was about to come. And when it did, it was accompanied by “thunderings and lightnings, and a thick cloud on the mountain; and the sound of the trumpet was very loud, so that all the people who were in the camp trembled” (Exodus 19:16, NKJV).

The Decalogue (the Ten Commandments) is the heart of God’s revelation and biblical ethics. It forms the substance and foundation of divine standards for all humanity; its principles are eternal and universal.

According to the biblical account, the Decalogue was announced by God (Exodus 19:19; Exodus 20:1; Deuteronomy 5:4-5,24) and was written by Him (Exodus 24:12, Exodus 31:18, Deuteronomy 5:22). It was twice given to Moses as a special gift (Exodus 32:19; Exodus 34:1; Deuteronomy 10:1-2).

In the book of Exodus, the Decalogue is called “the Testimony” (Hebrew: ‘edut; Exodus 31:18); or it is named “the words of the covenant” (Hebrew: dibre habberit; Exodus 34:28). In the book of Deuteronomy, they are written on “the tablets of the covenant” (Deuteronomy 9:9,11,15, NKJV). Neither book in Hebrew uses the term “the Ten Commandments” (Hebrew: mitzwot, “commandments”). Instead, three times they call it “the Ten Words.” The Hebrew is ‘aseret haddebarim, from dabar, meaning “word, sentence, matter, thing, speech, story, promise, utterance.” (See Exodus 34:28, Deuteronomy 4:13, Deuteronomy 10:4.)

There are two versions of the Decalogue with very slight differences; the first one is recorded in Exodus 20:1-17 and the second in Deuteronomy 5:6-21. The second version, presented orally by Moses to Israel, occurred almost forty years after Sinai, just before the people entered the Promised Land (Deuteronomy 1:3-4; Deuteronomy 4:44-47). These circumstances explain the slight differences between the two.

When Paul summarized the law as being love, he quoted from the Decalogue (Romans 13:8-10). Love is, indeed, the sum of God’s law because He is a God of love (1 John 4:16).

How do you understand the idea of the Ten Commandments as an expression of God’s love? What does that mean? How is God’s love revealed in them?

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